MEASUREMENT AND VERIFICATION (M&V): CONCEPT AND APPROACH FOR DETERMINING ENERGY SAVINGS

 

Energy saving in Malaysia is an important aspect of the country's sustainable development initiatives. With increasing energy demand driven to industrialization and urbanization, the Malaysian government has made energy efficiency a top priority. In line with this, the Malaysian government has introduced Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) projects, aimed specifically at reducing energy consumption in buildings. To accurately assess the impact of these projects, Measurement and Verification (M&V) activities were introduced. M&V is a process that uses measurements to reliably quantify the actual savings generated by specific actions under an energy management program.  Although M&V implementation in Malaysia is still relatively new, it is critical for ensuring accuracy and managing uncertainty in baseline energy modelling and savings reports. This accuracy is especially important when the savings are used as a basis to justify the return on investment for energy savings projects.

Several protocols and guidelines have been established for determining and verifying energy savings, with the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) being the most comprehensive and widely adopted. The IPMVP, developed by the Efficiency Valuation Organization, provides a complete framework for M&V projects and has been applied to various energy efficiency measures worldwide. The key principles of the IPMVP for reporting energy savings are to ensure accuracy, completeness, consistency, relevance, and transparency. The IPMVP provides four measurement options to evaluate the savings [1] according to their area of application, namely; Option A, B, C and D where,

Option	Description
Option A	Key Parameter Measurement Retrofit Isolation. To determine the energy savings at retrofit point, where at least one parameter needs to be measured and others can be estimated using the building’s history or the manufacturer’s specifications.
Option B	All Parameter Measurements Retrofit Isolation. To determine the energy savings at retrofit point, where all parameters need to be measured. No estimations are allowed for this option.
Option C	Whole Facility. To determine the energy savings; where energy use for the whole or sub facility needs to be measured. Usually, energy data for this option is obtained from the electricity bills calculated using the energy suppliers’ meters
Option D	Calibrated Simulation. To determine the energy savings; where energy use for the whole or sub facility or retrofitted point is determined using energy simulation software.

Since energy savings cannot be measured directly, they are determined by comparing energy use before and after the implementation of an ECM. The figure below illustrates the M&V conceptual framework, which visualizes energy use during the baseline and post-retrofit periods, as well as the process for determining energy savings.

To accurately report savings, the baseline energy use pattern (before ECM implementation) is analysed to establish the relationship between energy use and independent variables. According to the IPMVP, in order to properly determine savings using M&V, a baseline energy model must first be developed using regression analysis to identify the relationship between energy use and independent variables. An independent variable is any factor that affects energy use in a building and is expected to vary, such as weather conditions, occupancy, or production levels. A baseline energy model is considered valid for determining savings if it meets the statistical correlation criteria specified by the IPMVP. After ECM implementation, this baseline energy model is used to estimate how much energy would have been used if the ECM had not been implemented. This estimate is referred to as the adjusted baseline energy. Savings are then calculated as the difference between the adjusted baseline energy and the energy measured during the post-retrofit period. If the baseline energy model meets the correlation criteria specified by the IPMVP, it is considered acceptable for reporting energy savings. The smaller the error in the baseline model, the more accurate the reported energy savings will be.

[1]      Efficiency Valuation Organization, “International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP),” 2012.

Prepared by:

Dr Wan Nazirah Wan Md Adnan

Dr Anis Sabirin Baharom

PROGRAM JOM CHILLEX BERSAMA

 

Program Jom Chillex Bersama telah diadakan pada 10hb Jun 2024 (Isnin) bertempat di dalam kampus Bestari Jaya, Universiti Selangor (UNISEL). Program yang telah berlangsung selama sejam ini telah melibatkan seramai 16 orang pelajar serta 5 orang pensyarah dari Jabatan Kejuruteraan, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Sains Hayat (FKSH). Antara aktiviti-aktiviti yang dijalankan adalah brisk walk bermula dari fakulti FKSH ke Tasik Kabin di mana anggaran jarak dalam 2 km. Seterusnya adalah santai minum petang di mana makanan ringan disediakan oleh pihak AJK. Aktiviti seterusnya adalah bual santai yang bertajuk “Akta 588 (Akta Komunikasi dan Multimedia 1998): Salah Guna Media Sosial: Anda tahu?” disampaikan oleh pensyarah Ts. Dr. Siti Birkha Mohd Ali. Aktiviti terakhir adalah pop kuiz berdasarkan tajuk bual santai tadi dan pemenang diberikan hadiah berupa baucar AEON. Program ini merupakan sesi perkongsian ilmu serta bertujuan untuk merapatkan merapatkan ukhuwah antara pelajar dan pensyarah.     Pelajar-pelajar bersama pensyarah Disediakan oleh, Siti Nor Baizura Zawawi Ts. Dr. Siti Birkha Mohd Ali Rohaizah Mohd Ghazali Dr. Anis Sabirin Baharom Dr. Wan Nazirah Wan Adnan

FOODBANK: THE REALITY OF CHARITY

Many of us are well aware of almari rezeki, gobok sedekah and other form of foodbank in our area. The cupboard that was filled-in with food for those in need to beat hunger and poverty, to make sure food are available to be access. And readily source of food always available. Food banks play a crucial role in eliminating food waste, sourcing large amounts of food and making it available to smaller, local food shelves and food pantries.

But, how often that we ourselves contributed to this form of charity?

In Malaysia, foodbank was most famous in early 2000s. This is when the conciousness of charity soaring high, and most places like mosque, church and other organisations started to provide this cupboard full of food. And you name it, with various name and offers are made to provide food without string attached.

As mentioned, in the early 2000s, there's emergence of charitable organizations and NGOs in Malaysia began focusing on addressing poverty and hunger. These organizations often worked on collecting surplus food from donors and distributing it to those in need. And there's also individuals that are working on giving and helping to make foodbank works.

During the 2010s, the concept of food banking became more formalized in Malaysia. Various NGOs and foundations started establishing structured programs to collect, store, and distribute surplus food to vulnerable communities.

Food Aid Foundation (FAF):

The Food Aid Foundation, established in 2011, is one of the prominent organizations in Malaysia dedicated to rescuing surplus food and distributing it to those facing food insecurity. FAF collaborates with businesses, individuals, and other organizations to address food waste and hunger.

Collaboration with Businesses:

Many food banks in Malaysia collaborate with businesses, including supermarkets, restaurants, and food producers, to rescue surplus food that would otherwise go to waste. This collaborative approach helps in the efficient redistribution of food to those in need.

Government Support:

The Malaysian government has also recognized the importance of addressing food waste and food insecurity. Efforts have been made to encourage collaboration between the government, NGOs, and businesses to develop effective strategies in tackling these issues.

Community Involvement:

Community-based initiatives, often organized by religious institutions, community centers, and non-profit organizations, have played a role in addressing local food insecurity issues. Some of these initiatives may operate in a manner similar to food banks.

News: NSTP, November 5, 2020 

'A total of 622,726 households have benefitted from the Community Food Bank Programme as of last month.

Deputy Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs Minister Datuk Rosol Wahid told Dewan Rakyat that the assistance involved households from the B40 and extreme poor categories such as residents at low-cost housing areas, victims of disasters and others.

"The programme had also successfully saved and benefitted from 2,310 metric tonnes of leftover food, estimated to be worth RM11.51 million," he said.

He said this in reply to a question by Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad (Pakatan Harapan-Setiawangsa) who asked on the effectiveness, success, and challenges of the food bank programme in Malaysia to date.' - (New Strait Times Press, 2019)

In Universiti Selangor, specifically in our faculty, we are also striving hard to ensure the students that in need have the access to our faculty's foodbank which was established after the pandemic in May 2022.

Foodbank FKSH

As foodbank relies heavily on donations from organisation and individual, it has to be supported in ensuring that it stays relevant.

What can you do?

In the effort to make the foodbank able to help students in need. These are few example of what can be done:

👉Make a financial donation to your local food bank on their website, so they can buy what they need.

👉Add items to your online supermarket shop (where available) to send directly to the food bank.

👉Host a collection for your local food bank at your school, mosque, church or business.

 

 👉Drop off at collection points in supermarkets across the country.

And there's so many ways in making this happen in our faculty and our community.

Perhaps a little nudge, will make this foodbank continue giving hope and combust hungers.

This articles was written by,

Nazahiyah Sulaiman.
Lecturer,
Science & Biotechnology Department
Faculty Of Engineering and Life Sciences

PROGRAM ‘STEM AMUSEMENT DAY’ - FKSH, UNISEL X YAYASAN SELANGOR

 Program ‘STEM Amusement Day’ telah dijalankan pada 1 hingga 3 Julai 2022 yang lalu di Kampus Bestari Jaya, Universiti Selangor melibatkan 132 orang pelajar Yayasan Selangor. Program kolaborasi bersama Yayasan Selangor ini adalah pertama kali dianjurkan setelah lebih 2 tahun tiada sebarang program di kampus bersama pelajar sekolah dijalankan akibat pandemik Covid-19.

Penganjuran program ini adalah usaha Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Sains Hayat (FKSH) bertujuan untuk melonjakkan minat dan kecenderungan pelajar-pelajar terhadap bidang STEM selari dengan Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025 yang menekankan pendidikan STEM di peringkat sekolah melalui aktiviti kurikulum dan kokurikulum dengan sokongan menerusi pelbagai pihak berkepentingan. Disamping itu, pelajar akan didedahkan dengan aktiviti STEM dan berpeluang untuk merasai sendiri suasana di kampus universiti.

 Program ini bermula dengan sesi pendaftaran pelajar di Dewan Naib Canselor pada sesi petang dan di Dewan Canselor pada sesi malam.

Terdapat beberapa pengisian tentatif yang telah dijalankan bagi mencapai objektif dan seterusnya menjayakan program ini.        Antara pengisian adalah:

 

1.  Motivational Talk

 Sesi ceramah motivasi oleh Ts. Dr. Muhammad Nazir bin Mohammed Khalid bertujuan meningkatkan    motivasi pembelajaran pelajar dan memberi pendedahan kepada pelajar berkenaan Pendidikan STEM, kemahiran belajar dengan mudah serta mengembalikan semangat pelajar dalam menempuhi haluan    kehidupan pada masa akan datang.

 

2. Pengisian Rohani

3.  Ice-breaking

Sesi dikendalikan oleh fasilitator untuk mewujudkan suasana yang selesa di kalangan pelajar, mengurangkan rasa tertekan dan takut, memberi peluang kepada pelajar berkenalan antara satu sama lain dalam suasana yang menyeronokkan dan mengurangkan rasa malu dan rendah diri apabila berada di dalam kelompok yang belum dikenali. 

4. Senamrobik

1.  Pelaksanaan STEM Aktiviti

 

Pelajar dibahagikan kepada 6 kumpulan dan dibawa ke 6 kluster secara bergilir – gilir oleh fasilitor. 6 kluster tersebut adalah seperti berikut:

i)          Kluster Kejuruteraan Elektrik

Aktiviti: Terokai Dunia Elektrik…  Let’s Go!

ii)         Kluster Kejuruteraan Awam

Aktiviti: Structure and Civil Work Measurement – Where to Build?

iii)        Kluster Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

Ativiti: Paper Plane (Mechanical Concept)

iv)        Kluster Matematik dan Statistik

Aktiviti: Piramid Sierpinski

v)         Kluster Teknologi Industri

Aktiviti: Drone at Home

vi)        Kluster Bioteknologi

             Aktiviti: Microbes Art

Matlamat pelaksanaan aktiviti STEM ini adalah untuk menanam minat pelajar terhadap mata pelajaran STEM, menimbulkan kesedaran akan kepentingan mata pelajaran STEM dalam kehidupan seharian dan seterusnya menjadikan bidang STEM sebagai pilihan kerjaya pada masa akan datang. Semangat kerjasama dalam kumpulan untuk menyelesaikan masalah dapat dipupuk  menerusi pelaksanaan aktiviti STEM ini.

 

6. BBQ Night

 

  Pelajar dibahagikan kepada 12 kumpulan dan diberikan tugasan untuk membuat persembahan dalam kumpulan masing-masing. Persembahan mereka adalah bertemakan ‘STEM’ dan objektif persembahan BBQ Night adalah untuk mengasah bakat pelajar menyampaikan persembahan berkonsepkan STEM di hadapan khalayak ramai. Selain itu, dapat membina keyakinan diri pelajar serta dapat memberi galakan kepada pelajar yang malu untuk menonjolkan diri.

7. Majlis perasmian dan penutup progam

 

Majlis ini dihadiri oleh wakil-wakil dari Yayasan Selangor iaitu Puan Zahura Binti Zakry (Pengurus Kanan Pendidikan Yayasan Selangor), Puan Hjh. Norazah Binti Asari (Pengurus Asrama Yayasan Selangor Klang), guru-guru pengiring dari Asrama Yayasan Selangor Klang dan Asrama Yayasan Selangor Sabak Bernam, krew dari Bahagian Komunikasi Yayasan Selangor, pengurusan tertinggi FKSH, ahli jawatankuasa pelaksana dari Yayasan Selangor dan Unisel, fasilitator Unisel dan pelajar yang menyertai program ini.

 

Pengumuman kumpulan / individu terbaik bagi setiap kluster untuk aktiviti STEM, kumpulan membuat persembahan terbaik untuk BBQ Night serta penyertaan terbaik untuk cabaran ‘Tik Tok STEM Amusement Day’ oleh Dekan fakulti, Prof. Madya Dr. Dzulkarnain Bin Ahmad dibuat sebelum beliau merasmi dan menutup program ‘STEM Amusement Day’ yang kali pertama diadakan bagi tahun 2022.

Program ‘STEM Amusement Day’ selama 3 hari ini telah dilaksanakan dengan jayanya. Program ini berjalan dengan lancar serta telah mencapai objektif program yang telah dirancang. Diharap program kolaborasi seperti ini dapat diteruskan lagi untuk jangka masa yang panjang. Tahniah kepada semua ahli jawatankuasa pelaksana yang telah terlibat.

 

 

Disediakan oleh:

 

   SHAHIDA BINTI ABD. LATIF

Pengarah                                                                                        

Program ‘STEM Amusement Day’ 2022